Monthly Accounting & Bookkeeping in Romania
Bookkeeping · VAT returns · payroll · ANAF declarations · English-language reporting
Monthly accounting is the operational backbone of a Romanian company’s compliance. From the first month of activity, a Romanian SRL is required to maintain proper accounting records, file tax declarations with ANAF, process payroll and — if VAT-registered — submit VAT returns. These are not annual events: most obligations recur every month or every quarter, with fixed ANAF deadlines that trigger fines if missed.
Romania For Business SRL coordinates monthly accounting and bookkeeping for international entrepreneurs and foreign-owned Romanian companies through its partner network of qualified Romanian accountants (contabili autorizați). All client-facing reporting — monthly summaries, declaration confirmations and ANAF notices — is delivered in English, so international founders understand their company’s financial position, not just that filings have been submitted.
Your monthly accounting partner tracks every ANAF deadline, collects documents digitally, files all required declarations, processes payroll and delivers a monthly English-language summary of your company’s financial position. You focus on running your business — we handle the compliance.
What Monthly Accounting Covers
The following services are included in the standard monthly accounting engagement for an active Romanian SRL. The exact scope depends on the company’s tax regime, VAT registration status and whether it has employees.
| Service | What is covered each month |
|---|---|
| Bookkeeping — transaction recording | Every financial transaction is recorded — customer invoices issued, supplier invoices received, bank payments made, cash expenses incurred. Transactions are categorised correctly under Romanian accounting standards (OMFP 1802/2014). |
| Bank account reconciliation | Every bank transaction is matched to an accounting entry. Unexplained differences are flagged to the client immediately. The bank account balance per the accounting system must agree with the actual bank balance every month. |
| VAT return — D300 | If the company is VAT-registered, a Declaration 300 is prepared and submitted to ANAF by the 25th of the following month (monthly filers) or quarter (quarterly filers). Input VAT and output VAT are calculated; the net amount due is paid at the same time as the filing. |
| D394 / D390 — supplementary VAT forms | VAT-registered companies must also submit a domestic VAT transaction listing (D394) and, where applicable, an intra-EU recapitulative statement (D390 — for companies conducting intra-EU supplies or acquisitions). These are filed simultaneously with D300. |
| Microenterprise tax — D100 | Companies on the microenterprise regime (1% or 3%) submit a quarterly Declaration 100 by the 25th of the month following each quarter. The tax is calculated on total gross revenue for the quarter — not on profit. |
| Payroll calculation | For companies with employees: monthly gross-to-net payroll calculation for each employee — gross salary, income tax (10%), employee health contribution (CASS — 10%), employee social contribution (CAS — 25%), employer health contribution (CASS — 4%) and employer social contribution (CAS — 20.8%, verifiable each year). |
| Payroll declaration — D112 | The monthly payroll tax and social contribution declaration (D112) is submitted to ANAF by the 25th of each month. Social contributions are paid simultaneously. |
| REVISAL — employment register | Employee hires, payroll changes, absences, probation periods and terminations are recorded in the national REVISAL employment register (managed by the Labour Inspectorate). Changes must be submitted before the relevant event. |
| Expense report processing | Employee expense claims are verified, categorised and recorded. Deductibility under Romanian tax rules is assessed — not all expenses are fully deductible for CIT purposes. |
| Monthly English-language summary | At the end of each month, a plain-language English summary is delivered to the client — showing revenue, expenses, tax liabilities, upcoming deadlines and any items requiring the client’s attention or decision. |
How Monthly Accounting Works — Step by Step
The monthly accounting cycle follows the same sequence every month. Your accountant manages the process — your role is to provide documents on time and review the monthly summary.
Documents collected (invoices, bank statements, receipts)
Transactions booked in accounting system
Bank reconciliation completed
Payroll calculated & REVISAL updated
Tax declarations prepared (D300, D100, D112)
Declarations filed with ANAF by 25th
Monthly English summary delivered to client
Document collection is typically handled digitally — invoices, bank statements and expense receipts are uploaded via a shared document portal or sent by email. Your accountant confirms receipt and notifies you of any missing documents before the filing deadline.
ANAF Declarations — What Gets Filed and When
Romanian companies must file multiple ANAF declarations every month or quarter depending on their tax regime, VAT status and employment. The table below shows the key declarations, their deadlines and who must file them. Your accountant files all applicable declarations — you do not need to interact with ANAF directly.
| Form | Deadline | Who must file | What it covers |
|---|---|---|---|
| D300 | 25th of following month/quarter | All VAT-registered companies | VAT return — output VAT, input VAT, VAT due or refundable |
| D100 | 25th of month after each quarter | Microenterprise regime companies | Revenue tax declaration — 1% or 3% of quarterly gross revenue |
| D101 | 25 March following year | Standard CIT (16%) companies | Annual corporate income tax declaration — net profit × 16% |
| D112 | 25th of following month | Companies with employees | Payroll tax & social contributions — income tax, CASS, CAS |
| D390 | 25th of following month | VAT-registered (EU transactions) | Recapitulative VAT statement — intra-EU supply/acquisition summary |
| D394 | 25th of following month | VAT-registered companies | Domestic VAT transactions — list of invoices by counterparty |
| D710 | Within 30 days of event | All companies (on change) | Rectifying declaration — corrects errors in previously filed forms |
The majority of monthly and quarterly ANAF filings are due on the 25th of the month following the period. If the 25th falls on a weekend or public holiday, the deadline moves to the next working day. Your accountant submits all declarations before the deadline — but documents must be provided by the client at least 3–5 working days before the 25th to allow time for preparation.
Payroll Processing for Romanian Companies
If your Romanian SRL has employees — including the owner-director taking a salary — monthly payroll must be calculated and reported to ANAF. Romanian payroll involves multiple deductions and contributions that must be calculated precisely.
| Contribution | Employee bears | Employer bears |
|---|---|---|
| Income tax (impozit pe venit) | 10% of gross salary | — |
| Health contribution — CASS | 10% of gross salary | 4% of gross salary |
| Social contribution — CAS | 25% of gross salary | ~20.8% of gross salary |
| Net pay to employee | Gross − (10%+10%+25%) | — |
| Total employer cost | — | Gross + 4% + ~20.8% |
| Payroll filing deadline | D112 — 25th of each month | |
Payroll rates above are indicative — social contribution rates are confirmed by the Fiscal Code annually. Your accountant applies current rates for each payroll period. For companies on the microenterprise regime: at least one employee must be registered and on payroll at all times to maintain microenterprise eligibility.
Employee vs director salary — different REVISAL registration rules: Owner-directors of Romanian SRLs can receive either a salary (as an employee) or a management fee (as a non-employee director). Both routes have different social contribution implications and REVISAL registration requirements. Your accountant confirms the optimal approach based on the microenterprise employee condition and the director’s personal tax position.
Documents You Provide to Your Accountant Each Month
Monthly accounting runs on documents. The following is the standard document pack required from the client each month. Your accountant will confirm the exact requirements at engagement.
| Document category | What to provide and how |
|---|---|
| Sales invoices (issued) | Copies of all invoices issued by your company during the month — to Romanian and foreign customers. If you use accounting software, share invoice export. Format: PDF or image. |
| Purchase invoices (received) | Copies of all supplier invoices received during the month — Romanian suppliers, EU suppliers and non-EU suppliers. Include utility bills, professional fees, rent, subscriptions and software licences. |
| Bank statements | Full bank statement for the company’s Romanian bank account for the month — showing all transactions. Export from online banking as PDF or XML. Required even if there are no transactions. |
| Expense receipts | Receipts for business expenses paid in cash or by personal card and reimbursed by the company — travel, meals, parking, stationery. Each receipt must show date, amount and supplier. |
| Payroll inputs | Any changes to employee details for the month — new hires, terminations, salary changes, bonuses, sick leave, annual leave taken. Standard payroll runs from existing information without input if no changes occur. |
| Foreign currency transactions | If the company receives payment in EUR, USD or other currencies, the exchange rate applied and the bank conversion rate must be provided. The accountant records the RON equivalent for accounting purposes. |
| Contract summaries (new) | For any new long-term contracts signed during the month — summary of duration, value and payment terms. Required for revenue recognition assessment. |
| Deadline: by the 18th | All documents for the previous month must be received by your accountant by the 18th of the following month. This allows 7 days for preparation before the 25th ANAF deadline. Documents received after the 18th may result in late filing. |
Active vs Dormant Company — What Changes for Accounting
A dormant company is one that has been registered but has not yet conducted any commercial activity — no invoices issued, no revenue, no expenses and no employees. Dormant companies still have statutory filing obligations, but the accounting workload is minimal.
| Obligation | Dormant company | Active company |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly bookkeeping | ✗ Not required (no transactions) | ✓ Required — all transactions |
| VAT return (D300) | ✓ Nil return if VAT-registered | ✓ Full return — input/output VAT |
| Microenterprise tax (D100) | ✓ Nil return — zero revenue | ✓ Full return — 1% or 3% of revenue |
| Payroll (D112) | ✗ Not required (no employees) | ✓ Required if employees |
| Bank reconciliation | ✓ If bank account exists | ✓ Monthly — every transaction |
| Interim statement (June) | ✓ Required — even with nil activity | ✓ Required |
| Annual bilanț (Dec) | ✓ Required — even with nil activity | ✓ Required |
| Monthly fee | From €33/month | From €66/month |
A dormant company that conducts no activity is still required to prepare and file an interim financial statement (June) and an annual bilanț (December). These are statutory obligations under Romanian law regardless of activity level. A qualified accountant must prepare these documents. The annual cost of maintaining a dormant company is typically €400–600 per year.
MONTHLY ACCOUNTING & BOOKKEEPING IN ROMANIA
scaled by transaction volume
SERVICE TIERS — CHOOSE THE LEVEL THAT FITS YOUR ACTIVITY:
Dormant
- No transactions in the month
- Annual bilanț included in annual package
- VAT filing (nil return)
- Registered address management
- ANAF compliance reminders
Essential
- Up to 50 transactions per month
- Bank reconciliation
- VAT return (D300)
- Quarterly micro tax (D100)
- Monthly English summary report
Standard
- 51–150 transactions per month
- Bank reconciliation
- VAT return (D300)
- Employee payroll (D112)
- Monthly English summary report
Advanced
- 150+ transactions per month
- Multiple bank accounts
- Full payroll (multiple employees)
- Intra-EU / VIES reporting
- Custom English reporting
MONTHLY ACCOUNTING SERVICE INCLUDES:
- Monthly bookkeeping — all transactions recorded, categorised and reconciled
- Bank account reconciliation — every transaction matched and confirmed
- VAT return filing (D300) — monthly or quarterly submission to ANAF
- Microenterprise tax declaration (D100) — quarterly revenue tax at 1% or 3%
- Payroll calculation — gross-to-net, income tax (10%), CAS and CASS contributions
- Payroll declaration (D112) — monthly submission to ANAF
- REVISAL payroll register — employee entries, changes and exits updated
- ANAF deadline calendar — all monthly and quarterly deadlines tracked and managed
- Monthly English-language accounting summary — financial position in plain English
- Document collection system — digital receipt and invoice collection process
- Year-end preparation — full-year records ready for annual bilanț
PRICING BY ACTIVITY LEVEL
- Dormant company — no transactions from €33/mo
- Active company — up to 50 transactions/month from €66/mo
- Active company — 51–150 transactions/month from €100/mo
- Active company — 150+ transactions/month from €150/mo
- + Payroll (per employee per month) + €20/employee
- + VAT-registered — additional quarterly D394 & D390 forms included in tier